SUM Function: syntax, examples, mistakes and translation notes
Adds numbers or ranges.
Syntax
=SUM(number1, [number2], ...)
Arguments
number1
First number, cell or range to add.
number2
Optional additional numbers or ranges.
Worked examples
=SUM(12,8,5)
Returns 25.
=SUM(B2:B12)
Adds the numeric values in B2:B12.
Practical tips
- Prefer ranges instead of long chains such as B2+B3+B4.
- SUM ignores text in referenced cells but typed text arguments can behave differently.
- Use SUBTOTAL when filtered-list behavior matters.
Common mistakes
- Assuming hidden or filtered rows are automatically excluded.
- Including a total cell inside the range being totaled and creating a circular reference.
Related functions
Frequently asked questions
What does SUM do?
Adds numbers or ranges.
Why might a SUM formula return an unexpected result?
Assuming hidden or filtered rows are automatically excluded. Start by testing the smallest referenced range or condition independently before adding wrappers or fallbacks.
Check the complete formula
Function syntax is only one part of a working workbook. Paste the finished expression into the Formula Checker for structural warnings, the Formatter for readability or the Translator when a supported locale mapping is involved.
Testing note: examples are educational. Spreadsheet versions, locale settings, tables, named ranges and workbook data can change behavior, so validate important formulas with representative data.